The electrical resistance of a metal is caused by electrons being scattered from impurities in the material’s atomic lattice or from lattice vibrations called phonons. However, it is not affected by ...

Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Electrons flow through most materials more like a gas than a fluid, meaning they don’t interact much with one another. It was long ...

What is a Single-Electron Transistor? A single-electron transistor (SET) is a nanoscale electronic device that allows the precise control of individual electrons. Unlike conventional transistors that ...

Electrons flow through most materials more like a gas than a fluid, meaning they don’t interact much with one another. It was long hypothesized that electrons could flow like a fluid, but only recent ...